railroad bridges throughout the country bear the Hawkins mark. The Wason Car Manufactory is said to be the largest in New England. In i86o it filled an order for the Egyptian government to the amount of $300,000; and orders have been filled for railroads in South America. In 1869, cars to the value of $1,700,000 were made for the Central Pacific Railroad. For the Central New Jersey Railroad, cars have been made to the value of $1,500,000. The Morgan Envelope Company is another large Springfield establishment that has grown from small beginnings to a payroll of between two and three hundred. Its manufactures are shipped to all parts of the country. It had the original contract for making the postal cards for the government, making fifty-one millions in three months.
      Springfield contains many other business houses that have large pay-rolls and control extensive properties; but it is impossible to speak of them in an article like this. Bicyclers are familiar with the Warwick Manufacturing Company, and skaters with the Barney and Berry Works. The Chapman Valve Works, the Newell Button Factory, the Cheney-Bigelow Wire Works, the National Needle Company are all important establishments. Steer & Turner have made some large organs for churches in Springfield and in other parts of the country, particularly the West.
      The beautiful river offers unsurpassed opportunities for those who enjoy boating. A boat club owns a lodge on the river bank, and controls a fine camping ground a few miles down the river. Several steam launches are owned by private parties. A pleasure steamer is busy during the entire season carrying pleasure-seekers between Springfield and Holyoke and the neighboring towns. From the Holyoke dam there is an unobstructed reach for sailing to the dam at the Connecticut line; and a canal makes it possible to sail around this to the Sound. For a few years the intercollegiate regatta was rowed on the Connecticut River at this point. There are fine carriage drives in every direction. The highway runs beside the river for miles in each direction, and the water view, added to the fields and woods, makes a charming landscape.
      Before taking leave of the city, climb the Arsenal tower and view the country. To the south we see the church spire of Longmeadow. In it swings the ancient bell that "rung the Lexington alarm, and echoed the Declaration of independence"; that rang so joyously at the peace of 1814, that it was cracked and had to be recast; that "has celebrated all decisive victories from the surrender of Cornwallis to that of Lee"; that tolled the funeral knell of Washington and of the martyred Lincoln. A little nearer is the site of the old Indian fort, whence three hundred of King Philip's warriors stole forth to burn Springfield. Here to the east is the "Indian leap," where King Philip spent the night with six hundred warriors after the town had been burned. To the west lies the old common of West Springfield, with historic memories clustering around it. This has been the camping ground of two British armies. Gen. Amherst encamped here while on his march to Canada. Here Gen. Burgoyne's captive army was halted for a rest of two days as it was being marched to Boston. Several English soldiers deserted and settled here, -Worthy, Miller, Silcocks, Ewing, and others; and their descendants are well-known families in the vicinity. Gen. Riedesel, the Hessian officer, stopped with Parson Lathrop in the old parsonage on the green. One could not speak English, the other could not speak German, so they conversed in Latin. Here afterwards a detachment of Shays's rebels encamped and drilled, waiting to form a junction with the main body from the east for an attack on the Arsenal. To the left across the river, on the rich meadow lands of Agawam, is the "House Meadow," where John Cable and John Woodcock built the first house of the new colony; while at our feet lies the Bay Path, running along through Benton Park and the Armory grounds, the location marked by a rude stone. So history and the active present mingle in the beautiful city on the Connecticut.